pioon laser

Introduction -  Gingival hyperpigmentation  is a common esthetical concern in patients with gummy smile or excessive gingival display. It is an overproduction of melanin, beyond the normal expected degree in the oral mucosa, induced by various causes. Etiology -  Several physiologic and/or pathologic factors can cause hyperpigmentation. Gingival hyperpigmentation is mostly caused by the physiologic deposition of a brown pigment, melanin produced by melanocytes in the basal and supra-basal cell layer of the gingival epithelium. The colour of gingiva depends on the intensity of the melanogenesis, degree of epithelial cornification, depth of epithelialization and the arrangement of gingival vascularity. Treatment Modalities –  Gingival depigmentation is a treatment to remove melanin hyperpigmentation of the gingiva and various methods have been used for this procedure with different degrees of success including gingivectomy, gingivectomy with free gingival autografting,...