pioon laser

Introduction-  Maxillary incisors are aesthetically important, parents often notices it first and are troubled (1,2). The children are bullied or teased due to delayed eruption resulting in psychological complications. It is necessary to bring the unerupted incisor into its correct position with proper monitoring and timely surgical orthodontic intervention so as no prosthetic solution is required as nothing is better than tooth itself. LASER have its advantages over conventional scalpel for the surgical exposure of the unerupted incisors. Diagnosis of unerupted incisors- A) Clinical evaluation- 1) Firstly patient’s chronological age and dental age should be examined to determine if there is delayed eruption or not. 2) The amount of space available for the eruption of tooth, space loss, midline shift, position of the adjacent teeth, and contour of the bone should be examined 3) Palpation of the labial bulge on the mucosa if visible and if not visible then evaluation by radiograph 4...

Introduction-  A fibroma is a benign scar like reaction due to persistent long standing irritation in the mouth resulting in an increase in connective tissue at the site of repeated trauma. They are also known as traumatic fibromas, focal intra-oral fibrous hyperplasia, fibrous nodules, or oral polyps. Clinical Features-  Fibromas are often found on the interior of the cheek, lips, or lateral borders of the tongue and result from tissue being trapped between the maxillary and mandibular teeth when occluding. An oral fibroma presents as a firm smooth lump and is usually similar in color to the surrounding soft tissue, although it may be paler due to less vascularity and increased connective tissue within it. A fibroma also may present darker if trauma has led to bleeding inside of it and may have an ulcerated surface related to recent trauma. Fibromas have a dome-shaped geometry but may be pedunculated (polyp-like with a short stalk-like base). Treatment  Biopsy and  ...

Introduction-  The operculum is a soft tissue covering the crown of a partially erupted tooth. This area is difficult to access, and hence the normal oral hygiene methods remain ineffective, leading to inflammation of the soft tissue. This inflammation of the soft tissue surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth is called pericoronitis. It is known to appear when the third molars start to erupt, and are most commonly seen with the partially erupted/impacted mandibular third molars. Pericoronitis is treated by extraction of the third molar or by performing operculectomy. Operculectomy is a procedure which is done by excising the excessive soft tissue covering the third molar. It is indicated when there is availability of space for eruption of third molar, presence and proper alignment of antagonist tooth and impacted third molar in the arch. Etiology-  The most common cause behind pericoronitis is the entrapment of plaque and food debris between crown of tooth and over...